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Thread: Duklja (Doclea), the first Montenegrin state under the first dynasty

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    Default Duklja (Doclea), the first Montenegrin state under the first dynasty

    Duklja (Doclea), the first Montenegrin state under the first dynasty, the Vojislavljevic

    The thousand-year history of the Montenegrin state begins in the ninth century with the emergence of Duklja, a vassal state of Byzantium. In those formative years, Duklja was ruled by the Vojislavljevic dynasty, the first Montenegrin dynasty. In 1042, at the end of his 25-year rule, King Vojislav won a decisive battle near Bar against Byzantium, and Duklja became independent. Duklja's power and prosperity reached their zenith under King Vojislav's son, King Mihailo (1046-81), and his son King Bodin (1081-1101).

    As King Nikola I Petrovic of Montenegro declared in 1910: "Deep are the foundations of this renewed kingdom of ours. They descend to the old Zetan kings Vojislav, Mihailo and Bodin. Time had been destroying only what had been on this earth, but not what had been built into it, what had been planted in the hearts of the freedom-loving mountaineers of these mountains. And this no strongman could destroy. We started building on those deep foundations. And today, here is our old kingdom glistening under the heavenly sun!" (Glas Crnogorca, August 19, 1910).

    The territory of Duklja comprised much of the southern Adriatic coast, most of present-day Montenegro, Skadar Lake, the town of Skodra and parts of present-day northern Albania. In the west, it included present-day Herzegovina, with its border about 50 kilometers west of the Neretva River.

    The people of Duklja "were the oldest ancestors of Montenegrins. That people, in the feudal sense, was a particular mix of Illyrians, Romans and Slavs, synthesized under the name -- the Dukljans." (Dragoje Zivkovic, Istorija crnogorskog naroda, Cetinje, 1989, p.134).

    The Dukljans were predominantly Catholics. The population also included Bogomils (members of a Bosnian Christian sect which originated in Macedonia) and pagans, but these faiths gradually disappeared under pressure from the Roman Catholic Church. The conversion to Orthodox Christianity began only after the fall of the Vojislavljevic dynasty, in the 12th century.

    Mihailo received royal insignia from the Pope, and the image of King Mihailo with his crown is still found in the Church of St. Mihailo in Ston, a town in the Peljesac peninsula (in present-day Croatia). In a letter from 1077, the Pope refers to him as "Michaeli Sclavorum Regi" (Mihailo, King of Slavs). Recognizing Mihailo as a king, the Pope also considered his request that Duklja's bishopric in Bar be raised to an archbishopric. This request was challenged by the rival archbishoprics in Dubrovnik and Split.
    But on January 8, 1089, the Pope issued a bull to Mihailo's son King Bodin raising the Bar bishopric to the status of archbishopric, with ten subordinated bishoprics and Archbishop Petar as head.

    Following Mihailo's death around 1081 and a brief power struggle among his heirs, his son Bodin became king. Bodin fought the Byzantines and Normans and took the town of Durachium. He established vassal states in Bosnia (under Stefan) and Raska (under Vukan and Marko), which recognized his supremacy. After Bodin's death (around 1101), incessant struggles for power among his heirs weakened the state. These struggles culminated in the rise to power of pro-Raska rulers in Duklja. The rise of Raska under its ruler Stefan Nemanja (around 1166) thus led to the subordination of Duklja and the end of the first period of the Montenegrin state.

    Nemanja's conquest of Duklja - or Zeta, as it was referred to from the 11th century on -ended with its incorporation into Raska. Nemanja destroyed entire towns in Zeta that never subsequently recovered. He persecuted the Bogomils and expelled the Greeks from Zeta, burning local churches and books. Pavel Rovinski, one of the most knowledgeable 19th-century historians of Montenegro, notes that "in burning books, there was no discrimination, whether they were religious, historical, geographic, literary or descriptions of nature" (Crna Gora u proslosti i sadasnjosti, Cetinje, 1993, p.279). Nemanja started forcefully converting Zeta's population to Orthodox Christianity - this in a country where "there was not one Orthodox priest. And when he consolidated his power in Zeta, the Greeks had already been expelled" (Rovinski, p. 281).

    Despite the massive destruction during Nemanja's conquest, Zeta was culturally and economically one of the most advanced parts of Raska (Serbia). And Zetans constantly struggled to maintain and increase their autonomy. When the Serbian kingdom started crumbling in the mid-14th century, Zeta increasingly asserted its sovereignty.
    It regained its independence under the second Montenegrin dynasty, the Balsic, which came to power in 1356.

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    And my surname is Balsic

    Nice text.
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    Thumbs up

    You did a good job, Regi. A lot of english-speaking people that I know will appreciate this little lesson on Montenegrin history...
    I am the one who locks.

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    And Balsics have also won one of the greatest battles in history of Montenegro against Turks. They made noise and that scared away the Turks.

    And they were catolics!
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    Hahahahha They made noise and scared away the turks...
    And they also killed a bunch of them

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    History sais so

    That reminded me of "Braveheart". But cool victory
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
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    Why aren't these english forums being used more often? That could be a useful thing...
    ...

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    Because perhaps most of the people on here are bi-lingual and speak Serbian also

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    I agree with you, this forum would help us to improve our english, but there are simply not enough users here
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    My english is great so don`t be boring :PP

    No,I`m just kidding ..This is great
    All I want is everything ...

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    If anyone wants to learn German, he can do that at PMF, it lessons already started, but there has been only few of them. You have to pay 10 euros for learning, and about 10 euros for books.

    And I have to say, German is very very interesting. And lots of cool people in there.

    Almost forgot, lessons last for hour and a half, and start on tuesday and wednesday @18:00. But there is a possibility to be divided in 2 or even more gropus, since there are so many people.
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    hUh..I don`t like German at all..English is the best lala :P
    All I want is everything ...

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    Im born in Montenegro but spent most of my life in Australia

    So English is no problem for me whatsoever, i went to University here for 4 years aswell

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    So if anyoone wants english lessons let me know.....Id love to come to Herceg Novi in June......teaching English would give me extra $$ that I would need

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    Heheh, for $? doubt that someone will conatct you.
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    People wouldnt pay for private english lessons?

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    Article is great,Regi,thank you.
    Don't fight a battle if you don't gain anything by winning

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    @Junglist. I doubt they will.
    You could try, and I wish you best with try, but... There is always a but(t).
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    ok, I'll see how I go

    A friend of mine who is Austrlian taught English in Beograd.....but i guess Monte and BG are 2 different ball parks

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    Oh yes yes.......
    • Love built on beauty, soon as beauty, dies.
    I WaNnA Be LikE BaRbIe,ThAt BiTcH gEtS eVeRyThInG...

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    Quote Originally Posted by Junglist
    ok, I'll see how I go

    A friend of mine who is Austrlian taught English in Beograd.....but i guess Monte and BG are 2 different ball parks
    Of course!

    That only proves that Montenegrians are much better in foreign languages, we do not need to be taught + if we do, we do not like to spend mony on learnign (if possible), but that situation is everywhere in low standard countries! And you should also consider the overall population. You cannot compare these 2 cities in that way.
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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    Well inhabitants Ex Yugoslavia are very specific.For example,they all speak four languages(Serbian,Montenegrin,Croatian,Bosnian),ha ha

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    Montenegrins are very fast learners. Even when trying to speak Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian... (dialects, languages whatever). If you ask Serb, Croat, Bosnian or Macedonian person, they could hardly speak Montenegrin (dialect) or any of these other languages.
    Proves once again that we poses great intelectual capacity.

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    I'll teach english anybody who tell me whats the difference between blondie and turtle? :mrgreen:
    Io ci credo!

    Welcome



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    Both of them are slow as hell? (blondies brain surely is )
    Having a parachute greatly increases your chance of surviving a long fall.
    Have a parachute.

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